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Cardiorespiratory Endurance
- the ability to deliver oxygen and nutrients to
tissues, and to remove wastes, over sustained
periods of time. Long runs and swims are among the
methods employed in measuring this component.
Muscular Strength -
the ability of a muscle to exert force for a brief
period of time. Upper-body strength, for example,
can be measured by various weight-lifting
exercises.
Muscular Endurance
- the ability of a muscle, or a group of muscles,
to sustain repeated contractions or to continue
applying force against a fixed object. Pushups are
often used to test endurance of arm and shoulder
muscles.
Flexibility - the
ability to move joints and use muscles through
their full range of motion. The sit-and-reach test
is a good measure of flexibility of the lower back
and backs of the upper legs.
Body Composition
- is often considered a component of fitness. It
refers to the makeup of the body in terms of lean
mass (muscle, bone, vital tissue and organs) and
fat mass. An optimal ratio of fat to lean mass is
an indication of fitness, and the right types of
exercise will help you decrease body fat and
increase or maintain muscle mass.
Balance - often
overlooked as an important part of one's fitness
level. As one gets older there is an
appreciation for more control over one's body.
Having good balance also minimize injuries due to
falling. Hips and quad muscles (front of the leg)
as well as strong ankles are vital to reducing
chances of injuries due to a fall.
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